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Writer's pictureLori Hammer

Parental Alienation in Custody Disputes: Understanding and Addressing a Growing Concern


Family Law resolutions offer opportunities to make a fresh start and improve your life. For help with your divorce, parentage, including child support and parenting time, prenuptial or postnuptial agreements in Chicago, call Angela Larimer at 773-370-0600 or email Angela at angela@larimerlawllc.com.


When parents separate or divorce, their primary focus should be on the well-being of their children. Unfortunately, custody disputes can sometimes lead to behaviors that are harmful to the child's emotional health. One such behavior is parental alienation, where one parent attempts to undermine or destroy the child’s relationship with the other parent. This phenomenon is increasingly recognized as a significant issue in family law, raising concerns among legal professionals, psychologists, and families alike. In this blog post, we’ll explore what parental alienation is, its impact on children and families, and the legal strategies to address and prevent it.

What is Parental Alienation?

Parental alienation occurs when one parent, either consciously or unconsciously, engages in behaviors that damage the child’s relationship with the other parent. This can include badmouthing the other parent, limiting contact, making false accusations, or manipulating the child’s feelings to create a sense of fear, disrespect, or hostility towards the targeted parent. These actions can severely impact the child’s emotional and psychological well-being, leading to long-term issues with trust and relationship-building.

The Impact on Children

Children who experience parental alienation often suffer from a range of emotional and behavioral issues. These can include:

  • Confusion and Guilt: Children may feel torn between their loyalty to both parents, leading to significant emotional turmoil.

  • Low Self-Esteem: Constant negative messaging about one parent can cause children to internalize these criticisms, affecting their self-worth.

  • Difficulty in Relationships: The distrust and emotional manipulation experienced can impact the child’s ability to form healthy relationships in the future.

  • Mental Health Issues: Anxiety, depression, and other mental health problems are common among children caught in severe cases of parental alienation.

Legal Strategies to Address Parental Alienation

Family law recognizes the damaging effects of parental alienation and provides several strategies to address and prevent it during custody disputes:

  1. Custody Evaluations: Courts may order comprehensive custody evaluations by mental health professionals. These evaluations can help identify signs of parental alienation and provide recommendations for custody arrangements that protect the child's best interests.

  2. Therapeutic Interventions: Judges may mandate therapy for the child and/or the parents to address the underlying issues contributing to alienation. Family therapy can help rebuild the damaged parent-child relationship and promote healthier interactions.

  3. Education and Awareness Programs: Parents involved in custody disputes may be required to attend co-parenting education programs. These programs emphasize the importance of maintaining a positive relationship with both parents and provide strategies for effective communication and conflict resolution.

  4. Modifying Custody Arrangements: In cases where one parent is found to be engaging in alienating behaviors, courts may modify custody arrangements to limit that parent's influence. This can include reducing visitation time or, in extreme cases, awarding sole custody to the non-alienating parent.

  5. Enforcement of Court Orders: Courts can enforce existing custody and visitation orders through legal means, including contempt of court actions against the alienating parent. Consistent enforcement ensures that both parents adhere to the agreed-upon arrangements.

Preventing Parental Alienation

Preventing parental alienation requires a proactive approach by both parents and the legal system. Key strategies include:

  • Promoting Positive Co-Parenting: Encouraging respectful communication and cooperation between parents can help create a supportive environment for the child.

  • Educating Parents on the Impact: Understanding the harmful effects of alienation can motivate parents to prioritize their child's emotional well-being over personal grievances.

  • Early Intervention: Addressing signs of alienation early on can prevent escalation and reduce the long-term impact on the child.


Parental alienation is a serious issue that can have lasting effects on children and families. Recognizing the signs and understanding the impact is crucial for parents, legal professionals, and mental health practitioners. Through legal strategies and proactive measures, we can work towards mitigating the effects of parental alienation and ensuring that the best interests of the child remain at the forefront of custody disputes. By fostering a positive co-parenting environment, we can help children thrive even in the midst of challenging family transitions.

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